Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: PHoNUPS: Open-Source Software for Standardized Analysis and Visualization of Multi-Instrument Extracellular Vesicle Measurements

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.29.702479

Figure Lengend Snippet: The benefit of the usage of zeta potential to assess EV purity in heterogeneous samples. A) Fluorescent particles measured by NTA of plasma incubated with fluorescent antibodies followed by SEC separation. CD9+ and CD63+ EV are distributed from Fraction 1 to Fraction 3, while lipoproteins labeled with ApoB are co-isolated from Fraction 1 to Fraction 6. B) Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and B (ApoB) measured by ELISA test in fractions isolated from plasma after SEC. The ApoA1 and ApoB are present in all the fractions, increasing in concentration from Fraction 1, and having the highest value in Fraction 9. C) PHoNUPS displays zeta potential distribution in histograms and individual particle size against zeta potential in contour plots (with the joint plot in the second column) to show the distribution of particle measurements from CD9-GFP EV derived from cell culture, from EV-enriched fraction (Fraction 1) and non-EV fraction (Fraction 9) from plasma samples. Finally, we show the mean zeta potential for the different samples. (VV = void volume)

Article Snippet: In case of the ELISA test, we used the human ApoA1 kit (894879, R&D Systems, MN, USA) to measure apolipoprotein A1, which is present in high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and the human ApoB kit (894224, R&D Systems, MN, USA) for apolipoprotein B, which is present in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL).

Techniques: Zeta Potential Analyzer, Clinical Proteomics, Incubation, Labeling, Isolation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Concentration Assay, Derivative Assay, Cell Culture

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: VDisk: Microfluidic Cartridge for Multimodal High-Yield, High-Purity Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from up to 1 mL of Plasma

doi: 10.1101/2025.09.04.674190

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of contaminant removal efficiency and particle size distribution among VDisk_0.22µm, VDisk_1.0µm, and SEC EV isolates from fasting and postprandial plasma. (A) Total protein removal, (B) ApoA1 removal representing HDL, and (C) ApoB removal representing (V)LDL particles. Each bar represents the mean of biological replicates (n = 3 healthy donors), and each data point corresponds to the average of three technical replicates. (D) Total particle concentration measured by NTA. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (n = 3). Significance levels: ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (E) And (F) EV size distribution profiles measured by NTA for different methods in fasting and postprandial conditions, respectively.

Article Snippet: HDL concentrations were determined using ApoA1 ELISA kit (R&D Systems, Catalog # DAPA10).

Techniques: Comparison, Clinical Proteomics, Concentration Assay